- Epidermal Cyst in the Renal Pelvis: A Case Report with Review of the Literature.
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Sun Zoo Kim, Tae In Park, Sang Han Lee, Jung Sik Kwak
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Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(4):270-272.
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- We report here on a case of an epidermal cyst arising in the kidney. This cyst occurred in a 61-year-old woman with a past history of several attacks of ureteral stones and she received treatments of extracoporeal shock wave lithotripsy and open nephrolithostomy. On the intravenous pyelogram, a relatively well demarcated, 5x5 cm-sized lesion with calcification was detected in the renal pelvis and calices.
The lesion was removed by percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Histologically, the lesion had the same morphologic feature as a typical epidermal cyst arising in the skin. It has been postulated that the intrarenal epidermal cyst arises either from epidermal remnants or it results from traumatic implantation of transformed epithelium. Considering the past history of the patient, it might well be suspected that the present case occurred as a result of traumatic implantation of metaplastic squamous epithelial cells. We report here on a very interesting case of an epidermal cyst in the renal pelvis with a review of the relevant literatures.
- Medical Students' Attitudes Toward Autopsy and the Effect of Their Attitudes Following a Forensic Pathology Course.
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Yoon Young Yang, Hee Kyung Park, Cheong Yi Park, Won Kee Lee, Sang Han Lee, Jung Sik Kwak, Jong Min Chae
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Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(3):165-173.
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- BACKGROUND
The autopsy is a special surgical operation on a dead body to discover its cause of death. The autopsy is necessary for forensic uses, and it is also of great importance for educating students regarding medical uncertainty.
METHODS
To evaluate medical studentsO attitudes toward autopsy and the effect of their attitudes following a forensic pathology course, a questionnaire with 25 items that addressed the usefulness of autopsies and discomfort reactions was used. One hundred eighty nine medical students from 3 medical schools in Daegu participated in this study.
RESULTS
The medical students showed a high perception of an autopsy's principles, but the medical students were reluctant to become personally involved, despite being more aware of the necessities of the autopsy in forensic cases.
Acceptance for the necessities of the autopsy for medical students who took the forensic pathology course was increased, but most of discomfort reactions were not improved.
CONCLUSIONS
One way to fulfill the role of forensic pathology as an inspector for human rights and to retain the very special source of knowledge that autopsies represent would be to provide medical education that lead to reconciliation of the discomfort feelings.
- Sudden Death from Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Case Report.
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Soo Kyoung Lee, Sun Zoo Kim, Yoon Seup Kum, Tae In Park, Sang Han Lee, Jong Min Chae, Jung Sik Kwak
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Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(5):358-361.
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- Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous inflammation with an unknown cause. The commonly involved sites are the lymph nodes, lungs, skin, eyes, and heart. Although cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis is rarely detected clinically, it is reported in 20-50% of autopsied sarcoidosis patients.
Cardiac involvement is one of the most severe conditions of sarcoidosis and may cause sudden death. We report a case of a sudden death due to a massive cardiac sarcoidosis in a 43-year-old man. The microscopic examination revealed an extensive noncaseating granulomatous inflammation in the mediastinal lymph nodes and the heart with no evidence of myocyte necrosis. A special stain and molecular study excluded the possibility of other causes such as fungi or mycobacterium. The authors concluded that the cause of death was attributed to arrhythmia due to a cardiac sarcoidosis with massive involvement of the conduction system.
- Expression of p53 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor mRNA in Angiogenesis of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.
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Jun Seog Kim, Tae In Park, Myoung Hoon Lee, Eun Kyoung Kwak, Ji Young Park, Jung Sik Kwak, Jong Min Chae
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Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(1):35-40.
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- BACKGROUND
Angiogenesis is one of the most important factors in the progression and me-tastasis of malignancies.
Angiogenesis is a multistep process requiring the interaction of numerous factors able to stimulate the growth and development of new vessels. But, understanding of the mechanism involved in VEGF expression is unclear.
METHODS
Expressions of p53 and VEGF, and neovasculiarization were examined in 19 cases of surgically resected non-small cell carcinoma of the lung by the immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, VEGF mRNA expressions were quantified in all cases using the real-time quantitative RT-PCR. These results were compared with clinicopathologic parameters such as histologic grade and stage.
RESULTS
Tumors with high aberrant p53 expressions showed significantly higher VEGF mRNA ex-pressions and microvessel counts than those with low p53 expressions. Expressions of p53 as well as VEGF and micovessel counts were closely associated with the tumor stage, but not with the histologic grade and other clinical parameters.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that aberrant p53 expression may play a role in the regulation of VEGF expression and may be involved in controlling angiogenesis in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.
- The Effects of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor on Progressive Glomerular Sclerosis.
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Mi Ok Park, Yong Jin Kim, Hoon Kyu Oh, Chul Ho Lee, Byung Hwa Hyun, Jung Sik Kwak
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Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(12):1058-1065.
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Abstract
- Almost all advanced glomerular diseases have glomerular sclerotic changes to varying degrees whatever causes their primary glomerular disease are. Pathogenesis of these sclerosis has been thought of as the hyperfiltration in the primary glomerulosclerosis due to development of glomerular hypertension in each insulted glomeruli. This background gave the theoretical bases for antihypertensive therapies for supporting chronic renal insufficient patients.
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, one of the antihypertensive drugs, has received attention recently for its effectiveness. The aims of this study determined the effects and mechanism of the ACE inhibitor, enalapril, on the glomerulosclerosis in FGS/NgaKist mice, which was an animal model of chronic renal failure by generating spontaneously heavy proteinuria and progressive glomerulosclerosis. Five-week-old FGS/NgaKist mice (n=38) were assigned to four groups. Group 1a (n=6) and group 2a (n=8) fed with a vehicle, were sacrificed at the end of 10 weeks and 15 weeks, respectively. Group 1b (n=12) and 2b (n=12) received enalapril (100 mg/L) in drinking water for 5 weeks and 10 weeks from 6th week of age respectively, and were sacrified on the same day as the control groups. Doses of enanapril were maintained to 2 mg/kg/day by measuring the amount of water consumption. In enalapril groups 1b and 2b, systemic blood pressure (74.7 14.0 mm Hg, 74.3 15.9 mmHg) were significantly lower than control group 2a (116.1 4.6 mmHg, P<0.001). Similarly, degree of proteinuria lowered in enalapril group 2b versus control group 2a (0% and 50.0%, P<0.001). Glomerulosclerosis percentage significantly decreased (P<0.001) (group 1b and 2b; 1.9 6.5, 5.6 7.0 vs control 1a and 2a; 32.8 15.5, 31.4 13.8). Glomerulosclerosis score also decreased (P<0.001) (group 1b and 2b; 0.02 0.08 vs control 1a and 2a; 0.48 0.12, 0.30 0.14). The immunofluorescent staining of enalapril groups showed negative for mesangial deposition of IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 which were positive in control groups. Immunohistochemical staining with TGF-beta1 was negative in enalapril groups and sclerotic glomeruli both enalapril groups and control groups. These results support that the ACE inhibitor has a renoprotective effect on glomerulosclerosis not only by decreasing the blood pressure but also by suppressing the immune deposits on glomeruli.
- Prognostic Value of CD44v6 Isoform in Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast.
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Seung Cheol Lee, Yoon Kyung Sohn, Jung Sik Kwak, Woon Bok Jhung, Jung Wan Kim
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Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(7):635-643.
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- CD44 is a family of transmembrane glycoproteins involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Expression of CD44 isofonns (splice variants) has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis in several human cancers. We evaluated the expression patterns of the CD44 isofortn (CD 44 splice variant v6) in infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast by immunohistochemical and RT-PCR method. Paraffin embedded blocks from seventy-five cases of mastectomized samples were analyzed immunohistochemically using monoclonoal antibody against CD44v6. CD44v6 was detected in fifty-seven cases (76%) of the tumor samples. Adjacent normal myoepithelial cells and ductal epithelial cells revealed focal positive reaction to CD44v6. Thirtytwo cases (80.0%) with lymph nodal metastasis revealed overexpression of CD44v6 monoclonal antibody, but twenty-five cases (71.4%) without nodal metastasis also showed positive reaction to CD44v6 monoclonal antibody, and there is no statistically significant value. Other prognostic factors of infiltrating ductal carcinoma, such as tumor size, histologic grade and hormonal receptors did not show any significant correlation with CD44v6 expression. The RT-PCR studies for 9 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma showed the same band patterns both in the normal and tumor tissues. From the above results, it is concluded that the expression of CD44v6 is not a valuable prognostic marker of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast.
- Lipoma of the Heart: An Autopsy case report.
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Min Hee Jung, Suk Hee Lee, Sang Han Lee, Jong Min Chae, Jung Sik Kwak
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(8):746-748.
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- Lipomas of the heart are benign neoplasms and have rarely been described. Due to the fact that they normally cause no symptoms, diagnosis is often purely accidental. Because of the rarity of these tumors, it seems worthwhile to present an example studied at autopsy. It was associated with the sudden death of a 15-year-old boy. The tumor arose from the wall of the left ventricle and occupied the pericardial cavity, measuring 13x7x6 cm in size. The tumor was whitish-yellow, translucent, and soft. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of mature adipose tissue which extended between muscle fibers. This current case, the giant cardiac lipoma is believed to produce disturbances of the conduction system and distrubances of cardiac filling.
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